In amateur radio practice, telegraph marks are transmitted by various means: “”. The oldest is a classic hand telegraph key. Casting with it is laborious, and few can make marks with exact adherence to the dot ratio – comma – gap. Hand movement, with which we control the key – top to bottom … ““. That's why it was created (but she didn't take too much) modifications: double-acting manual wrench, a lever moving between two contacts in a horizontal plane. The operator flips the lever between the contacts with the thumb and forefinger, which also applies to all the systems described below. A mechanical semi-automatic was created from a double-action key. The essence is again a lever moving in a horizontal plane. Commas are created by the operator himself, the dots create a weight on the spring, which oscillates by flipping the lever to the corresponding side, and intermittently switches the electrical contact during oscillation. This creates a series of dots, which is broadcast, until the lever is flipped over. Later, an electronic semi-automatic was created. It is again controlled by a lever in the horizontal plane. By flipping the lever to one side, we clear a series of dots, by flipping to the other side a series of dashes. By combining the flipping and releasing of the lever, we then create the corresponding marks. If we use two simultaneously stored control levers, we can enjoy the benefits of iambic (also called squeeze) keying. In this case, we do not control the levers by flipping them, but by pressing from the side. Compared to the previous case, we get another option, by pressing both levers at the same time. Then a series of alternating dots and dashes is sent. In practice, however, switching to iambic keying means learning to transmit all characters again from the beginning. ““. Electronic iambic semi-automatic machines are used most often among amateurs today. I ten, who doesn't sing really iambicly, advantageously uses wider time tolerances, which the iambic key provides when transmitting characters requiring rapid flipping of the manipulator (K, R, C atd.). The electronics of the keys are usually extended by memory for transmitting frequently repeated sections of text and by other additional circuits. While the electronic part of the semi-automatic is a trivial problem that can be solved by amateurs, the mechanical controller itself (or also “manipulator”, in a mess “pastiche”) is difficult to produce by amateurs – they have to be really precise. Our amateurs tend to regret spending a larger amount for professional products (abroad from 200 DEM above) and they help each other improvise, but you can tell by their operation. The custom comes from the days of mechanical semi-automatics, that pressing the manipulator with the thumb causes dots to be emitted, press with your index finger to send dashes. This was justified precisely in the case of mechanical systems, where the greater force of the thumb was purposefully used to oscillate the spring forming the dots. With electronic systems, this factor is eliminated. It seems more logical to entrust the creation of quick dots to the more dexterous index finger, and leave long dashes with thumbs. In the practice of top competitors in sports telegraphy, both methods are used and it seems, that they are equivalent. Fully automatic keyboard keys have not caught on very well in amateur practice, most radio amateurs cannot type fast enough and are therefore unable to transmit fluently at a higher speed using the keyboard. Programs for personal computers are used even more today, which integrate several operator activities during operation on the band, for example, the broadcast is linked to the management of the station diary. To – especially in races – brings enormous savings in time and effort. But that has nothing to do with the operation of the CW !!! Such an operator no longer works CW and neither does she (if we take this situation to an extreme) doesn't have to control. If it has SW to generate CW, it is not a problem to have a decoder as well…so it is clearly not a CW operator, but for a simple secretary, or an assistant, which doesn't really matter if the transmission medium is a CW transmitter, or the internet. Please note the hundreds of station operators on KV, but also VKV, who, as if by waving a wand, drive at speed in races 180 zn./min. …but hey, just so jesus christ god don't start giving them something else at this speed on the CW during a race connection like that, than theirs 599 151 YOUR. ( although even that can't surprise Ty, who have decoders on CW or. such SW,hi ) But most of them can't even type that fast on a typewriter or PC, so we can easily recognize them from the choppy text and the weird “babbling”. Many such stations then complete the CW plant and the telegraph manipulator, i.e. he doesn't even have a trap in hamshack! What's worse, he can't even handle her! For CW exams for classes B or. And forget…nobody wants anything like that for a long time, it's enough that a PC can do it and no one will ask for an exam after all, so we are fine! No wonder then, that with such “willingly” You cannot use CW operation e.g. members of such clubs as FOC, VHSC apod. This is because it is very easy to recognize during normal operation and the value of such an operator to the counterparty will drop significantly. And so only CW operators can actually be understood, which the PC in hamshack makes easier in races but also in normal ones “rag chews” logging QSOs and helping them keep various statistics etc.
